<p>One strategy to deal with data type changes is outlined in the following blog posts:</p>
<p>Instead of "Change the type of a column", " Add a new column, change the code to write to both columns, and backfill the new column".</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://jilt.com/blog/migrations-zero-downtime-rails/" rel="nofollow">https://jilt.com/blog/migrations-zero-downtime-rails/</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.braintreepayments.com/blog/safe-operations-for-high-volume-postgresql/" rel="nofollow">https://www.braintreepayments.com/blog/safe-operations-for-high-volume-postgresql/</a></li>
</ul>
<p>For sure that's more effort, it all depends a bit on how long a read only or offline periods may take at most.</p>
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