{{Australia/Tabs}}
{{Cleanup|[https://lists.openstreetmap.org/pipermail/talk-au/2022-February/015855.html See talk_au mailing list discussion]}}
The following guidelines are an attempt to document the result of discussions that have taken place on the Australian mailing list, and that become common practice in OSM mapping in Australia. If you would like to comment, please join the mailing [https://lists.openstreetmap.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/talk-au list] and discuss there.
== Australia’s First People ==
===Cultural Sensitivity - a word of caution...===
When editing Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander place names, editors need to be respectful of the community, their language and their wishes. Australia has a vast number of Indigenous communities, countries and nations and there is not one clear broad statement about what can and cannot be published. Some nations are more open to rendering names than others and editors should respect their decisions. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have the right to control their cultural heritage and intellectual property.
=== Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander sites, art-works and sacred places ===
Please practice extreme care when mapping sites (such as rock art, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden middens], fish traps, streams, birthing trees, sacred areas and other historical /ceremonial places) that are known to be of significance to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Only map these sites when they are sign-posted or have been publicly advertised. When they have not, please consult with the local elders before mapping any such site, and abide by their wishes if they say they don't want them mapped.
=== Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander data-set importing ===
As for all data-sets, there is a [[Import/Guidelines|procedure]] and guidelines to follow. Data-sets that contain First Nation details need extra vigilance and discussion with elders above the standard import process. Whilst data may have been recorded accurately in the most, some data may have been incorrectly recorded or identified and may be considered offensive.
=== Exporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander data from OSM ===
Data can be exported in a number of ways. One of these is the query driven [http://overpass-turbo.eu/ Overpass-turbo] and an example export query has been provided at http://overpass-turbo.eu/s/LBO that should extract most First Nation data. Please remember to read the OSM Copyright before using this data elsewhere.
=== Mapping of Indigenous country boundaries ===
Currently (2018), OpenStreetMap does not have Indigenous country or nation boundaries added. To discuss adding boundaries, ask the mailing [https://lists.openstreetmap.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/talk-au list] for guidance after seeking clarification from the Elders of the area and surrounding areas.
=== Mapping Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Native Title ===
Use the key and value [[Key:boundary|boundary]]=aboriginal_lands however do not add reserve unless it is clearly defined as a reserve. See [https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Tag:boundary%3Daboriginal_lands boundary=aboriginal_lands]
===How to map Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander place names===
Australia has well over 200 languages recorded and it can be difficult to know which language to use. The easiest way to quickly add the Indigenous name is to use the general tag {{tag|name:aus}} (aus is the general ISO639-2 code for [[wikipedia:Australian Aboriginal languages|Australian Aboriginal Languages]]) to indicate the indigenous names of places, unless a more exact suffix is known.
===== name:xxx= Language codes =====
The language codes use the standard [https://iso639-3.sil.org/ ISO639-3] . An example is {{key|name:xwj}} for [[wikipedia:Whadjuk|Whadjuk]] used in south west Western Australia. The following list is not definitive.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Non-exhaustive list of First Nation Languages
!Code
!Language
!State
!Approximate area
!Details
|-
|rbp
|Barababaraba
|Vic
|Kerang and Echuca and south
|
|-
|rbp
|Barababaraba
|NSW
|Hay and south into Victoria
|
|-
|xwj
|[[wikipedia:Whadjuk|Whadjuk]]
|WA
|South West WA
|a [[wikipedia:Nyungar language|Nyungar]] dialect
|-
|nys
|[[wikipedia:Nyungar language|Nyungar]]
|WA
|South West WA
|
|-
|pjt
|[[wikipedia:Pitjantjatjara dialect|Pitjantjatjara dialect]]
|NT
|South West NT, SA and WA
|
|-
|pjt
|[[wikipedia:Pitjantjatjara dialect|Pitjantjatjara dialect]]
|WA
|South West NT, SA and WA
|
|-
|pjt
|[[wikipedia:Pitjantjatjara dialect|Pitjantjatjara dialect]]
|NT
|South West NT, SA and WA
|
|-
|wyi
|Woiwurrung
|Vic
|From Macedon Ranges to Gippsland
|
|-
| -
|[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunwurrung_language Bunwurrung]
|Vic
|Melbourne coastline to Westernport
|Use name:aus
|-
|-
|Bidawal
|Vic
|Delegate to Bemm & Cann Rivers and Mallacoota
|Use name:aus
|-
|unn
|Gunai
|Vic
|Gippsland from north of Wilsons Prom to Orbost
|aka Kurnai
|-
|-
|Ngarigo
|Vic
|Canberra to Omeo
|Use name:aus
|-
|xjt
|Jaitmatang
|Vic
|NE Victoria around Dartmouth River to NSW border
|
|-
|-
|Waveroo
|Vic
|Albury to Omeo
|Use name:aus
|-
|-
|Yorta Yorta
|Vic
|Shepparton to Echuca and Cobram
|Use name:aus
|-
|dgw
|Daungwurrung
|Vic
|Around the Delatite, Campaspe and Goulburn rivers
|
|-
|-
|Ngurai-illamwurrung
|Vic
|West of Shepparton Campaspe and Goulburn rivers
|Use name:aus
|-
|xbg
|Buandig
|Vic
|Dartmoor, Casterton to Mt Gambier
|
|-
|-
|Bindjali
|Vic
|Border of SA and Victoria around Bordertown
|Use name:aus
|-
|gjm
|Dhauwurd Wurrung
|Vic
|Portland to Warrnambool and north to Hamilton
|aka Gunditjmara
|-
|wkr
|Wirngilgnad dhalinanong
|VIc
|
|aka Girai Wurrung or Keerray Woorroong
|-
|-
|Gadubanud
|Vic
|Cape Otway to Gellibrand River
|Use name:aus
|-
|wth
|Wathawurrung
|Vic
|Ballarat to Geelong
|
|-
|-
|Djargurd Wurrung
|VIc
|Corangamite to Lake Elingamite
|Use name:aus
|-
|tjw
|Djabwurrung
|Vic
|Ararat , Hamilton and Gariwerd (Grampians)
|
|-
|-
|Jardwadjali
|Vic
|Around Horsham
|Use name:aus
|-
|dja
|Dja Dja Wurrung
|Vic
|Macedon Ranges north west to Kyneton
|aka Djadjawurrung
|-
|weg
|Wergaia
|Vic
|Warracknabeal to Dimboola
|
|-
|-
|Ngargad
|Vic
|Mallee, Wimmera and into S.A.
|aka Ngarkat use name:aus
|-
|xww
|Wemba wemba
|Vic
|Boort to Swan Hill
|
|-
|xwd
|Wadiwadi
|Vic
|Swan Hill and north into NSW
|aka Wadi Wadi
|-
|dda
|Dadi Dadi
|Vic
|Robinvale and north
|
|-
| -
|Jarijari
|Vic
|West of Mildura (Language not verified)
|use name:aus
|-
|llj
|Ladjiladji
|VIc
|Far north west corner of Victoria
|
|-
|dda
|Dadi Dadi
|NSW
|Robinvale and north
|
|-
|tiw
|Tiwi
|NT
|Tiwi Islands
|
|-
|piu
|Luritja
|NT
|Akice Springs
|
|-
|xrg
|Minang
|WA
|Albany and Mount Barker
|a [[wikipedia:Nyungar language|Nyungar]] dialect
|-
|xtz
|[[wikipedia:Tasmanian languages|Tasmanian languages]]
|Tas
|
|
|-
|-
|Bibbulmun
|WA
|Brookton
|a [[wikipedia:Nyungar language|Nyungar]] dialect; use name:aus
|-
|rop
|Kriol
|NT
|Northern WA, QLD and NT
|aka Creole
|-
|rop
|Kriol
|QLD
|Northern WA, QLD and NT
|aka Creole
|-
|rop
|Kriol
|WA
|Northern WA, QLD and NT
|aka Creole
|-
|tcs
|Torres Strait Creole
|QLD
|Torres Strait Islands and Queensland coastal
|
|-
|djr
|Djambarrpuyngu
|NT
|Elcho island
|
|-
|aer
|Arrernte (Eastern)
|NT
|Alice Springs
|
|-
|are
|Arrernte (Western)
|NT
|Alice Springs (Hermannsburg)
|
|-
|dwy
|Dhuwaya
|NT
|NE Arnhem Land,
|
|-
|mwp
|Kala Lagaw Ya
|Qld
|Coastal east coast of Queensland
|
|-
|mpj
|Martu Wangka
|WA
|Great Sandy Desert / Lake Disappointment
|
|-
|mwf
|Murrinh-Patha
|NT
|Wadeye
|
|-
|ntj
|Ngaanyatjarra
|WA
|Warburton ranges and SW NT
|
|-
|piu
|Pintupi-Luritja
|NT
|Balgo hills and Yuendumu and parts of WA
|
|-
|wbp
|Warlpiri
|NT
|Alice Springs to Katherine to Darwin and parts of WA
|
|-
|aly
|Alyawarr
|NT
|Tennant creek and Sandover
|
|-
|bvr
|Burarra
|NT
|Arnhem Land
|
|-
|dhg
|Dhangu-Djangu
|NT
|Elcho island
|
|-
|dwu
|Dhuwal
|NT
|Roper river / Arnhem Land
|
|-
|djj
|Djeebbana
|NT
|West Arnhem Land
|
|-
|dji
|Djinang
|NT
|Arnhem Land
|
|-
|djb
|Djinba
|NT
|Arnhem Land
|
|-
|gnn
|Gumatj
|NT
|Yirrkala
|
|-
|gup
|Gunwinggu
|NT
|Croker Island and Arnhem Land
|
|-
|guf
|Gupapuyngu
|NT
|Arnhem Land and Elcho Islands
|
|-
|gjr
|Gurindji Kriol
|NT
|Victoria River
|
|-
|mph
|Maung
|NT
|Arnhem Land and Goulburn island
|
|-
|pti
|Pintiini
|WA
|Nullarbor plain
|
|-
|yij
|Yindjibarndi
|WA
|Roebourne
|
|-
|aoi
|Anindilyakwa
|NT
|Groote Eylandt, Gulf of Carpenteria
|
|-
|xdk
|Dharug
|NSW
|Sydney
|aka Eora, Darug
|-
|xrd
|Gundungurra
|NSW
|Blue Mountains and Southern Highlands
|
|-
|xul
|Ngunnawal
|NSW/ACT
|Southern NSW and ACT
|
|}
== Australian Flags ==
When mapping flagpoles, iD (at least), also asks for information about the flag that is usually flown from that pole, asking for such details as:
* {{key|flag:type}} national / regional (state) / advertising etc
* {{key|flag:name}} e.g. Australia / Queensland etc
* {{key|flag:wikidata}} wikidata code for that flag
* {{key|height}} of the flagpole
* {{key|lit}} yes / no
=== National ===
Australia actually has three officially proclaimed National Flags:
The Australian Flag, the Aboriginal Flag & the Torres Strait Islander Flag
This has turned out to be a matter of some debate, with the Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander flags possibly only being "Flags of Australia" not National Flags. While attempting to find a definitive answer on this, in the meantime it has been suggested that the two of them be shown as flag:type=indigenous.
{| class="wikitable" width="50%"
|-
! Type
! Name
! Wikidata
! Example
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|national}} || Australian (entered as `AU`) || {{Q|Q81676|label=flag of Australia}} || [[File:Flag_of_Australia_(converted).svg|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|indigenous}} || Australian Aboriginal || {{Q|Q1285625|label=Australian Aboriginal flag}} || [[File:Australian_Aboriginal_Flag.svg|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|indigenous}} || Torres Strait Islander || {{Q|Q462621|label=Torres Strait Islander flag}} || [[File:Nuvola Torres Strait Islander flag.svg|TSI|200px]]
|}
=== Regional (State) ===
{| class="wikitable" width="50%"
|-
! Type
! Name
! Wikidata
! Example
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|regional}} || Australian Capital Territory || {{Q|Q252995|label=flag of the Australian Capital Territory}} || [[File:Flag_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory.svg|ACT|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|regional}} || New South Wales || {{Q|Q1064042|label=flag of New South Wales}} || [[File:Flag_of_New_South_Wales.svg|NSW|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|regional}} || Northern Territory || {{Q|Q599323|label=flag of the Northern Territory}} || [[File:Flag_of_the_Northern_Territory.svg|NT|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|regional}} || Queensland || {{Q|Q383109|label=flag of Queensland}} || [[File:Flag of Queensland.svg|Flag_of_Queensland|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|regional}} || South Australia || {{Q|Q912854|label=flag of South Australia}} || [[File:Flag_of_South_Australia.svg|SA|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|regional}} || Tasmania || {{Q|Q1074327|label=flag of Tasmania}} || [[File:Flag_of_Tasmania.svg|Tas|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|regional}} || Victoria || {{Q|Q34494|label=flag of Victoria}} || [[File:Flag_of_Victoria_(Australia).svg|Vic|200px]]
|-
| {{tag|flag:type|regional}} || Western Australia || {{Q|Q1091279|label=flag of Western Australia}} || [[File:Flag_of_Western_Australia.svg|WA|200px]]
|-
|}
Details of flags of other Australian External Territories can be found at:
[[w:en:list of Australian flags#External_territories]]
==Places==
===City, Town or Village?===
There is no consistent approach yet for this. [https://lists.openstreetmap.org/pipermail/talk-au/2008-December/001079.html It was discussed] on the mailing list in December 2008.
Australia has many places that are important centres for large areas, but have very few residents. These should be labelled towns because it is how they are considered, even though closer to major population centres they would be considered villages. Until (or unless) we reach agreement on firmer guidelines, you should choose place tags ([[Key:place|place=*]]) based on popular perception rather than administrative designation or population.
Some OSM renderers make large areas of Australia look empty at higher zoom levels. Making towns visible at higher zoom levels involves marking them as, for example, {{tag|place|city}}. The strategy here is not conclusive. Mapping a town as a city to make it visible could be seen as [[Tagging_for_the_renderer|tagging for the renderer]]. Other alternatives are to develop rendering strategies to render smaller towns in largely deserted areas, or simply to accept that areas with low and sparse populations will appear empty at higher zoom.
== Highways, Roads, Tracks and Trails ==
=== Road Tagging ===
==== Urban areas ====
* {{tag|highway|motorway}} The metropolitan motorway network. 'M' classified roads in cities where they exist. In Western Australia (WA), these are roads classified as "Primary Distributor" (PD) by "Main Roads Western Australia" (MRWA) that satisfy {{tagValue|highway|motorway}} requirements; that is, freeways, and some highways and highway sections.
* {{tag|highway|trunk}} "Metroads" or 'A' classified roads in the cities where they exist, or other similar cross-city trunk routes in cities where they do not. In WA, these are roads classified as "Primary Distributor" (PD) or "Regional Distributor" (RD) by MRWA that satisfy {{tagValue|highway|trunk}} but not {{tagValue|highway|motorway}} requirements; that is, some highways and main roads, or sections of these.
* {{tag|highway|primary}} Other main cross city and arterial routes. 'B' classified roads in cities where they exist. Major connecting roads in larger rural cities. In WA, these are roads classified as "Primary Distributor" (PD), "Regional Distributor" (RD) or "Distributor A" (DA) by MRWA that satisfy {{tagValue|highway|primary}} but not {{tagValue|highway|trunk}} nor {{tagValue|highway|motorway}} requirements; that is, some highways and main roads, or sections of these.
* {{tag|highway|secondary}} Major through routes within a local area, often connecting neighbouring suburbs. In WA, these are roads classified as "Regional Distributor" (RD), "Distributor A" (DA) or "Distributor B" (DB) by MRWA that satisfy {{tagValue|highway|secondary}} but not {{tagValue|highway|primary}} nor {{tagValue|highway|trunk}} requirements.
* {{tag|highway|tertiary}} Minor through routes within a local area, often feeders to residential streets. In WA, these are roads classified as "Distributor B" (DB) or "Local Distributor" (LD) by MRWA that satisfy {{tagValue|highway|tertiary}} but not {{tagValue|highway|secondary}} nor {{tagValue|highway|primary}} requirements.
* {{tag|highway|residential}} Residential streets. In WA, these are roads classified as "Access Road" (A) by MRWA.
* {{tag|highway|unclassified}} Other streets. Not generally through routes. In WA, these include roads classified as "Industrial" by MRWA.
* {{tag|highway|service}} Service and access roads, typically unnamed. Also used for small rear-access lanes.
Use the '''ref tag''' to indicate a route number that is signposted according to the standard below. Omit non-signposted, anachronistic or historical routes.
==== Regional roads ====
* {{tag|highway|motorway}} Motorways, freeways, and freeway-like roads. Divided roads with 2 or 3 lanes in each direction, limited access via interchanges, no traffic lights. Generally 100 or 110 km/h speed limit. For example: Hume Freeway. In states with the Alphanumeric system, these are 'M' roads if they are of freeway standard.
* {{tag|highway|trunk}} National highways connecting major population centres. For example the Bruce Highway north of Cooroy. State strategic road network for example: Pacific Highway. In states with the Alphanumeric system, these are 'A' roads. 'M' roads which aren't of freeway standard are also classified as a trunk road. In other states, these are signposted with a white National Road shield, or a Green National Highway shield.
* {{tag|highway|primary}} State maintained roads linking major population centers to each other and to the trunk network. In states with the Alphanumeric system, these are 'B' roads. In other states, these are generally State routes signposted with blue shields.
* {{tag|highway|secondary}} District roads that are generally council maintained roads linking smaller population centres to each other and to the primary network. In states with the Alphanumeric system, these are 'C' roads.
* {{tag|highway|tertiary}} Other roads linking towns, villages and Points of Interest to each other and the secondary network. In South Australia, roads that are classified as a 'D' route under the Alphanumeric system use this classification.
* {{tag|highway|residential}} Local streets found in and around localities (cities / suburbs), districts, and towns, as well as in rural areas.
* {{tag|highway|unclassified}} Other named minor roads.
* {{tag|highway|track}} Gravel fire trails, forest drives, 4WD trails and similar roads. Gravel roads connecting towns etc. should be tagged as appropriate (secondary, tertiary or unclassified), along with the {{tag|surface|unpaved}} or more specific {{tag|surface}} tag.
* {{tag|highway|service}} Unnamed access roads. e.g. Entrance ways and roads in parks, government properties, beach access etc. Use a service road to tag an entrance to a private/government area.
Use the {{tag|surface|unpaved}} tag to indicate where roads are not sealed.
Use the {{key|ref}} tag to indicate a route number that is signposted according to the standard below, or use a route relation. Omit non-signposted, anachronistic or historical route numbers.
==== Road surfaces ====
Surface tags should be added to roads wherever possible, especially in regional areas. This advice differs from that on the international [[key:surface]] wiki page, which states that, "there is normally an assumption that the surface is {{Tag|surface|paved}} unless otherwise stated." However this assumption is not valid across regional Australia as: (1) most roads, including many major roads, are unpaved, and (2) mapping intensity varies greatly among regions. Many roads that do not have a surface tag may not have been examined by mappers. Adding a surface tag will assist data users and help mappers to further refine the regional road network.
The broad surface categories {{Tag|surface|paved}} and {{Tag|surface|unpaved}} are widely used but more specific sub-categories (such as {{Tag|surface|asphalt}}, concrete, compacted, sand, etc.) may be used wherever possible. The [[key:surface]] wiki lists available tags and definitions. Note that the definitions of some categories (e.g. {{Tag|surface|gravel}}) differ greatly from common usage in Australia. In such cases, the tag on the [[key:surface]] wiki with the most appropriate ''description'' should be followed regardless of the name of the tag.
==== Unsealed and 4wd Roads (Dirt, Gravel, Formed, etc) ====
The following guide lines are based on a discussion on the OSM talk_au mailing list. Road conditions can vary over time and are subject to weather changes. Further, driver's skills and willingness to risk damage to his or her vehicle varies substantially. Here are some suggested tags for road conditions with examples, values in square brackets are alternatives.
'''The current mapnik rendering on the main page OSM does not render these tags, and is unsuitable for navigation in remote areas where the condition of the road is important.''' Mappers should still ensure that they enter accurate and appropriate tags so, to allow renderings and navigation to be developed based on the road condition. As always, users should not risk their safety based on a user contributed map, and should take steps to confirm road conditions before travelling.
'''Major connecting but unsealed roads''' - For example, the Plenty Highway, NT. This road is a secondary link road and needs to be tagged accordingly. But its also unsealed over much of its length, sandy, rutted and quite remote.
: {{tag|highway|secondary}}
: {{tag|surface|unpaved}}
: {{tag|tracktype|grade5}}
: {{tag|lanes|1}}
: {{tag|4wd_only|recommended}}
'''Made but unsealed roads''' - These roads typically have a well defined dome shape, gutters of some sort. Surface has been compacted, possibly with crushed from from elsewhere. Regular maintenance prevents potholes and washaways being a problem for very long. Corrugations may be an issues sometimes. Generally such roads are suitable for travel at 70k/h to 100k/h and most drivers are comfortable in using them.
: highway=[unclassified; residential; secondary; primary]
: {{tag|surface|unpaved}}
: tracktype=grade1
: lanes=[1; 2]
'''Made but neglected unsealed roads''' - Key difference form the above is that these roads are may not be regularly maintained and drivers can expect to come across things in the road they don't like. A slower speed is appropriate to cope with the unexpected. Examples would include forestry and national park tracks, access tracks to interesting places and many people live on roads like this.
: highway=[track; residential; secondary; primary]
: {{tag|surface|unpaved}}
: tracktype=grade3
: lanes=[1; 2]
'''Rough tracks''' - while these tracks may have once been 'made' little evidence remains. They are typically flat, no gutters and vehicles wheels have left noticeable ruts. Water can lie in those ruts leading to bog holes that are easily dug deeper by continued use. Sand, rocks etc will require some care. Drivers need to use care and be prepared to change their mind in the event of unsuitable weather for example. A 4x4 vehicle might be a good idea but is not necessarily required.
: highway=[track; residential; secondary; primary]
: {{tag|surface|unpaved}}
: tracktype=grade5
: lanes=[1; 2]
'''4x4 recommended''' - these tracks may well be quite usable by conventional vehicles but inexperienced drivers are advised not to try it. A vehicle with a bit of space under it such as an SUV and common sense is probably a little safer. Lots of popular tourist drives are included here as are some substantial "end to end" routes in more remote areas. Note definitions here are currently unsatisfactory, 'highway' (other than =track) refers to purpose of the road but renders and possibly even routers disregard tracktype warnings. Note we are using unapproved tracktype=grade6 and 4wd_only=recommended tags. Ideally, these roads would be rendered by appending "(4x4 recommended)' to the road name.
: highway=[track; secondary; primary]
: {{tag|surface|unpaved}}
: tracktype=grade6
: lanes=[1; 2]
: 4wd_only=recommended
'''4x4 required''' - Similar to the above but these tracks do need a real 4x4 vehicle, one with low ratio and drivers should consider carrying recovery gear and, perhaps not traveling alone. These tracks have the same rendering and routing concerns as do the above. Note we are using an unapproved tracktype=grade7 tag. We like to see it rendered it by adding "(4x4 Only)" to the road name.
: highway=[track; secondary; primary]
: {{tag|surface|unpaved}}
: tracktype=grade7
: lanes=[1; 2]
: 4wd_only=yes
'''4x4 extreme''' - Now you are possibly talking about using a modified 4x4 vehicle on a well planned trip and not alone. These tracks have the same rendering and routing concerns as do the above. Note we are using an unapproved tags tracktype=grade8 and 4wd_only=extreme. We'd like to see it rendered it by adding "(4x4 Extreme)" to the road name.
: highway=[track; secondary; primary]
: {{tag|surface|unpaved}}
: tracktype=grade8
: lanes=[1; 2]
: 4wd_only=extreme
'''Notes'''
* The main OSM mapnik rendering ignores tracktype unless highway=track.
* A ticket has been lodged https://trac.openstreetmap.org/ticket/1447 (and now reopened on https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto/issues/110 ) requesting the OSM website map show unsealed roads differently from sealed ones. Rather than surface= tag, the tracktype might be a better way to trigger different rendering. Whenever tracktype is declared, road should be dotted, dashed or have dashed casement.
==== Number of lanes ====
If a way has 2 lanes you don't need to tag this, as it's assumed, you only need to use {{key|lanes}} tag if there is fewer than 2 lanes or more than 2 lanes.
The only exception is when there is a {{tag|oneway|yes}}, then the number of lanes is assumed to be 1, use {{key|lanes|2}} for any one way street that have more than 1 lane.
==== Speed limits ====
It is best practice to use the [[Key:maxspeed|maxspeed]] tag on every road. Indicate the source of the information using the {{key|source:maxspeed}} tag.
* {{tag|source:maxspeed|sign}} - for a signposted limit
* {{tag|source:maxspeed|local_knowledge}} - if you know the local streets have the default "built-up" speed limit
* {{tag|source:maxspeed|survey}}
The Australian traffic rules mandate speed limits for "built-up" areas, where there are no signposts. Unfortunately, there is no one-to-one correspondence between roads tagged {{tag|highway|residential}} and these speed zones. See the [[Proposed_features/trafficzone|proposal for implicit speed zones]] for one proposed solution to this problem, however this proposal is not in widespread use in Australia currently.
==== School zones ====
Use {{key|maxspeed:conditional|40 @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:30, 14:30-16:00;PH off;SH off)}} for NSW school zone on ways (be aware that whilst most school zones have the same hours, others do not, and are distinguished by an orange background rather than a yellow background on real world signs). See https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Conditional_restrictions . The {{key|restriction|school_zone}} has been abandoned and has been replaced by {{key|maxspeed:conditional}}.
==== Speed cameras ====
Fixed speed cameras (including those that measure speed at a specific point and those that measure average vehicle speed between two points) can be tagged in one of two ways: (1) by using the tag {{tag|highway|speed_camera}}, with or without additional tags (such as {{key|maxspeed}}) as described [[Tag:highway=speed camera|here]], and/or (2) by using the tag [[relation:enforcement]] with additional tags, as described [[Relation:enforcement|here]].
==== Heavy vehicle compliance cameras ====
Fixed cameras which monitor heavy vehicle driver fatigue and other heavy vehicle enforcement are often known as "Safe-T-Cams" in [https://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/roads/safety-rules/speeding-camera-enforcement/index.html NSW] and [https://www.sa.gov.au/topics/driving-and-transport/heavy-vehicles/driving-heavy-vehicles-safely South Australia]. There are other sites as part of the [https://www.nhvr.gov.au/safety-accreditation-compliance/national-compliance-information-system National Safety Camera Network] in Vic, Qld and the ACT, which are operated by the federal National Heavy Vehicle Regulator, rather than the state-operated cameras of NSW and SA. All of these heavy vehicle compliance cameras can be mapped using: (1) {{Tag|highway:hgv|fatigue_management_camera}} or (2) {{tag|enforcement:hgv|fatigue_management_camera}}, or perhaps both. Where an installation includes both a speed camera which applies to all vehicle types, and a heavy vehicle compliance camera (if such an installation exists), tags for speed cameras (see above) and Heavy Vehicle Compliance Cameras can be used on the same node.
==== Tunnels and bridges and layers ====
The guidelines here are the same as elsewhere. {{key|tunnel|yes}} and {{key|bridge|yes}}. A tunnel isn't assumed to be {{key|layer|-1}} and a bridge isn't assumed to be {{key|layer|1}} you must tag bridges and tunnels with layer tags too! Tagging bridges with a level less than 1 is incorrect. The default layer, is {{key|layer|0}} indicating ground level, and you don't need to add to add this tag unless it adds clarity to future mappers. Rivers and streams are almost always at ground level. Bridges go over rivers and need to be tagged {{key|layer|1}} or greater. Where streams go underground they can be tagged with a layer less than 1.
==== Roadside rest areas ====
A wide variety of rest areas are common on regional roads. Some parks on major roads in regional towns are signposted as rest areas. These parks are often managed by local councils rather than road boards and may be well used by local residents. These are best tagged using {{tag|leisure|park}} (''not'' {{tag|highway|rest_area}}), name = “XXX Rest Area”. Features such as toilets and playgrounds can be added as separate features.
Roadside rest areas may be mapped using either a single node or a closed way (or area). Some small roadside stops directly adjacent to the roadway have been mapped using amenity=parking (with additional tags) rather than {{tag|highway|rest_area}}. However, most roadside rest areas have been mapped using {{tag|highway|rest_area}}, as described in the international wiki.
Rest areas are often the sites used for Driver Reviver stations. However, due to the temporary nature of these stations, they are NOT usually mapped in OSM.
In larger rest areas, parking bays may be mapped separately to the broader boundaries of the rest area by mapping and tagging parking bays with {{tag|amenity|parking}}. Alternatively, in small rest areas or where rest areas are mapped as a single node, both tags ({{tag|highway|rest_area}} and {{tag|amenity|parking}}) may be used on the same node.
Camping and overnight stays are not allowed in many rest areas. Where camping is permitted officially, and signposted as such, this can be shown by adding an additional node (or area) using {{tag|tourism|camp_site}}. Again, toilets and other features can be added separately. There will often be a posted time limit on how long camping is permitted (usually a maximum of 24-48 hours). If this is specified, include "maxstay=* hours".
If there is a sign posted to say "No Camping", this can be added as:
{{tag|tourism|information}} + {{tag|information|board}} + {{tag|board_type|notice}} + {{tag|name|No Camping}}.
Many rest areas, or parking bays within rest areas, are dedicated for truck drivers who are legally obliged to take rests at specified intervals. Areas signposted for use by trucks only and not by other users may be tagged in one of two ways:
# {{tag|highway|rest_area}} (and/or {{tag|amenity|parking}}), {{tag|access|no}}, {{tag|hgv|designated}} (‘‘hgv’’ stands for heavy goods vehicle). This indicates that access is only permitted for heavy vehicles.
# {{tag|highway|rest_area}} (and/or {{tag|amenity|parking}}), {{tag|capacity:car|no}}, {{tag|capacity:hgv|32}} (if the number of truck parking spots is known) or {{tag|capacity:hgv|yes}} (if the number of track parking spots is not known).
==== Mark a Track as "Dry Weather Only" ====
See [[Conditional restrictions]] and/or {{Tag|seasonal}}
==== Access roads on public land ====
These may have a sign with something like "Management Vehicles Only" and could then be tagged {{key|motor_vehicle|private}} and {{key|bicycle|private}} (as bicycles are considered to be vehicles under Australian law). Use caution with the tag {{key|access|private}} as that applies to all including walkers.
==== [[Roundabouts]] ====
{{Tag|junction|roundabout}}
The general rule in Australia is that all roundabouts, big or small, have been drawn out in full. After numerous discussions as to what may constitute a single node "mini-roundabout", the common practice has evolved not to use single node mini-roundabouts at all. The way goes clockwise, indicating the direction of the traffic movement. Each entry and exit way should join the roundabout at a separate node.
Don't confuse turning circles and traffic calming with roundabouts.
This is tagged highway=turning_circle:
[http://www.bing.com/maps/?v=2&cp=-27.651116~153.059909&lvl=20&sty=a]
This should be tagged traffic_calming=island
[http://www.bing.com/maps/?v=2&cp=-27.67619~153.16911&lvl=20&sty=a]
You do not need to add {{key|oneway|yes}} tag, as this is implied by the {{key|junction|roundabout}} tag.
==== Naming Streets ====
* [[Editing_Standards_and_Conventions#Street_Names|Use full street names]], Street not St, Highway not Hwy
* Where a street has two different names, make a note tag on the street so future mappers understand the issue, then:
** mark what you see (using the [[Names#alt_name|alt_name]] tag if necessary).
** ask the people who live there
** ask the local council for clarification
**in Victoria [http://services.land.vic.gov.au/vicnames/road.html?method=list] allows you to search for a street name in a particular suburb 9 June 2020: link gives a 404 not found
** In Qld you can search on the [http://gis.qld.gov.au/iqed/map/ the "infomation Qld"] site for a suburb, and then zoom into the street name, or select ''property search'' as the area of interest and you can then give street name, etc. Dec 2021 - "Server not found" The [http://myneighbourhood.brisbane.qld.gov.au/index.htm Brisbane council online mapping] seems to be tied up in restrictions.
==== Missing signs/no names ====
Use the following tag combinations:
* fixme:sign:no=YYYY-MM-DD
* fixme:sign:broken=YYYY-MM-DD
The use of a date is to indicate when things were last checked. Alternatively you can contact the council responsible.
Some rural streets are unnamed. Often these have locally known names, so try and ascertain these if you can. Otherwise you can use:
* {{key|noname|yes}}
* validate:noname=YYYY-MM-DD
* source:noname=*
==== Private Roads ====
Private roads can be mapped, this provides information for;
* the person going past, that the road is private and their location on the map
* emergency services who may find the road of benefit
* the private individual who can use the road
Such private roads should have the tag {{tag|access|private}}, if you are not certain then it is best to err on the cautious side and add the {{tag|access|private}}.
See the discussion on https://lists.openstreetmap.org/pipermail/talk-au/2019-October/013022.html
==== Local Traffic Only ====
[[File:AU-NSW-LocalTrafficOnly.jpg|92px|thumb|NSW, Local Traffic Only sign]]
Per the discussion at https://lists.openstreetmap.org/pipermail/talk-au/2019-November/013175.html since these signs aren't legally enforcable restrictions and {{Tag|access|destination}} is for legal access constraints, and since this restriction is only applicable to motor_vehicles and not pedestrians or cyclists, {{Tag|motor_vehicle:advisory|destination}} is suggested.
==== How do I map a road that ISN'T there ====
It is often the case in rural Australia that un-trafficable roads end up on maps produced by other mapping companies, and sometimes even in OSM.
These can be gazetted roads that have never been built or at least never built to a trafficable standard, or since closed. Roads that exist to provide access to properties are often sold to property owners by councils when adjacent properties are merged and the road is no longer required. Some roads are mapped from aerial imagery but can correspond to farm tracks, fence lines, etc.
* These roads should still be mapped.
* Before mapping these roads, please ensure you yourself are familiar with the road either by visiting in person (recently) or looking on ''recent'' high-quality aerial imagery (you have permission to use) to confirm what is actually there. ''Do not alter the map without being aware of what actually is there presently.''
* Use the {{tag|access|*}} key to restrict access to the road accordingly.
* Change {{tag|highway|*}} tag accordingly, perhaps to {{tag|highway|track}}, {{tag|highway|service}}, or {{tag|highway|path}}.
* Where the road is trafficable (such as you can walk, ride, drive on it), map as normal, and use your local mapping convention to class the road using the {{tag|highway|*}} key.
The following is a list of advice:
* If there is a mapped road goes into private property through a gate, mark the gate node as {{tag|barrier|gate}}, you should add a access=private to the gate and any continuation of the road.
* If there is a mapped road that turns into scrub, try to mark out the approx area of the {{tag|natural|scrub}}.
* If there is a mapped road that ends in a turning circle, mark the end node as {{tag|highway|turning_circle}}
* If there is a mapped road that would cross a fence, you could mark in the fence, but this may not be entirely obvious on the map what it is, you can also mark a node in the approx vicinity as {{tag|restriction|only_straight_on}}, this shows up as a big blue arrow in JOSM and we are planning to make a layer on the AU maps able to display this as well.
*Review that the existing road, or road you are trying to map is not a fence, dry creek, or other feature often mistaken for being a road in aerial imagery.
If you have surveyed and area try to make a note on the appropriate feature to let future mappers know what is going on, or if a way is impassable.
Obviously you should never copy from a source we don't have permission to copy from. Even though you made an observation that it doesn't exist you can only map what you saw or what your surveyed.
==== What about roads which are proposed / planned or road which use meta-information from the DCDB Queensland data? ====
Roads which are proposed / planned but have not yet been built should be tagged with:
{{tag|highway|proposed}} and {{tag|proposed|*}} (being one of the possible {{key|highway}} tags such as {{tag|highway|primary}}, {{highway|tertiary_link}}, etc.).
=== Using Imported Data ===
Imported data may not be accurate, it's entirely dependent on what the data was originally intended for.
Use common sense when utilising imported sources to map roads from, surveyed data from GPS handsets may be more accurate if possible check imagery and GPS data to confirm.
ABS boundary data can be useful for finding rivers and roads to map them in less populated areas, however where Bing or AGRI data is available it is usually at least as accurate.
=== Route Numbers ===
States either use the old 'shield' system, or the newer alphanumeric system.
==== Tagging highway ref=* and name=* ====
In most cases it's best to create a relation for each {{key|ref}} and then add all the applicable ways to the relation.
For example the majority of the A1 in QLD is the Bruce Highway, however the A1 continues after the Bruce Highway ends in Cairns and becomes the Captain Cook Highway, in this case there will be 3 relations, a relation for the A1, a relation for the Bruce Highway and a relation for the Captain Cook Highway.
The A1 relation should be tagged as follows:
: ref=A1
: route=road
: type=route
The Bruce Highway relation should be tagged as follows:
: name=Bruce Highway
: route=road
: type=route
==== Minor Highways ====
Minor highways generally keep the same {{key|ref}} and {{key|name}} for the entire length of the highway so there is no point making 2 relations in this case.
==== Minor Roads ====
Depending on the road it's generally best to keep tagging ways rather than making relations, although there is nothing wrong with making a relation if you think the road is big enough.
==== Highway Refs ====
Use the following tags. The style of the signage will give you clues as to which is the correct tag
==== Non-Alphanumeric Highway Shields ====
: '''network=NR,ref=*''' National Route - (black on white shield)
: '''network=alt_NR,ref=*''' National Route - (black on white shield, 'ALT' at the top of the shield)
: '''network=NH,ref=*''' National Highway - (yellow on green shield)
: '''network=MR,ref=*''' Metroad - (blue on white hexagon)
: '''network=DR,ref=*''' Detour roads marked as D roads in NSW and DR in QLD
: '''network=S,ref=*''' State Route - (white on blue shield)
==== Tourist Route (Scenic Route) ====
: '''network=T,ref=*''' Tourist Route - (white on brown Pentagon)
==== Alphanumeric Highway Shields ====
: '''ref=M*''' Motorways(yellow on green rectangle)
: '''ref=A*''' A Roads (yellow on green rectangle)
: '''network=alt,ref=A*''' Alt A Roads (yellow on green rectangle, with the word ALT at the top of the shield)
: '''ref=B*''' B Roads (yellow on green rectangle)
: '''ref=C*''' C Roads (yellow on green rectangle)
: '''ref=D*''' D Roads (if they exist, yellow on green rectangle)
==== Examples ====
In the case of the M, A, B & C roads, the M7 would be ref=M7
==== NSW Alphanumeric references ====
Alphanumeric numbering is in the process of being implemented in NSW in 2013, and where signs have been seen the route can be updated to the new alphanumeric reference.
Pay close attention to the name of the road and the routing reference.
For example:
{| border=3
|-
! Old Road Name
! Description
! New Road Name
! Ref
|-
|F3 - Sydney to Newcastle Expressway
| From Pacific Highway at Wahroonga to John Renshaw Drive at Beresfield
| Pacific Motorway
| M1
|-
| Pacific Highway
| The part of the Pacific Highway from Brunswick Heads via Brunswick to Yelgun Freeway, Yelgun to Chinderah Freeway, Chinderah Bypass, Banora Point, Tweed Heads Bypass and Tugun Bypass to the Queensland Border
|Pacific Motorway
|M1
|-
|F4 Western Freeway
|From Concord Road (Great Western Highway) at Strathfield to Great Western Highway at Lapstone
|Western Motorway
|M4
|-
|F6 Southern Freeway
|From Princes Highway at Waterfall to Mt Ousley Road to the Illawarra Highway at Yallah
|Princes Motorway
|M1
|-
|Hume Highway
|The part of the highway from The Cross Roads at Casula, via South Western Freeway, including
Mittagong Bypass and Berrima Bypass, to Mereworth Road Interchange at Medway Rivulet
|Hume Motorway
|M31
|}
If practical, the old reference can be retained in {{Tag|old_ref}}
==== Rural Road Numbering ====
Geographic Information – Rural Addressing is published as Australian/New Zealand Standard, AS/NZS 4724:2000.
A full description of this standard can be located in [http://tinyurl.com/yhv7ady this pdf document], published by Land Victoria.
{{{! FIXME: Above URL (http://www.land.vic.gov.au/CA256F310024B628/0/91F433D36F7AF923CA2575AD0004B241/$File/RRN_Guidelines14.pdf) is gone (404)}}}
Where possible, a relation should be created for rural roads indicating the start node, any ways applicable and an end node so that this information can be used for routing without needing to individually survey each possible street address. This information won't be useful for rendering.
The relation should be tagged as:
type=numbering
numbering=as/nzs_4724:2000
The role of ways should be listed as member, and the nodes as start/end respectively.
=== Urban Footpaths and Cycleways ===
'''Note:''' The guidelines in this section relate to footpaths and cycleways (usually paved) in urban areas. For bush and other non-urban ways see '''[[#Bush Walking and Cycling Tracks|Bush Walking and Cycling Tracks]]'''.
==== Australian Footpath (no sign) ====
Australian Road Rules[http://www.ntc.gov.au/filemedia/Reports/AustralianRoadRulesFebruary2008.pdf] "Footpath, except in rule 13 (1), means an area open to the public that is designated for, or has as one of its main uses, use by pedestrians." In general a footpath is parallel to the road (Tweed Shire Council Definition [http://www.tweed.nsw.gov.au/planningdocs/pdfs/PlanningDocs/D9.pdf])
*{{tag|highway|footway}}
*{{tag|footway|sidewalk}}: Only use if the path runs parallel to a road
*{{tag|bicycle|yes}}: Only use if local law allows bikes to use footpaths. See [[#Footpath Cycling|Footpath Cycling]].
==== Australian Cycle Path (bicycle-only sign) ====
Australian Road Rules "Bicycle path means a length of path beginning at a bicycle path sign or bicycle path road marking, and ending at the nearest of the following (a) an end bicycle path sign or end bicycle path road marking; (b) a separated footpath sign or separated footpath road marking; (c) a road (except a road-related area); (d) the end of the path.
*{{tag|highway|cycleway}}
*{{tag|foot|no}}
==== Australian Shared Path (bicycle and pedestrian sign) ====
Australian Road Rules "A shared path is an area open to the public (except a separated footpath) that is designated for, or has as one of its main uses, use by both the riders of bicycles and pedestrians, and includes a length of path for use by both bicycles and pedestrians beginning at a shared path sign or shared path road marking and ending at the nearest of the following: (a) an end shared path sign or end shared path road marking; (b) a no bicycles sign or no bicycles road marking; (c) a bicycle path sign or bicycle path road marking; (d) a road (except a road-related area); (e) the end of the path."
*{{tag|highway|cycleway}}
*{{tag|foot|designated}}
==== Australian Separated Footpath (bicycle and pedestrian separated by a line) ====
Australian Road Rules "Separated footpath means a length of footpath beginning at a separated footpath sign or separated footpath road marking, and ending at the nearest of the following: (a) an end separated footpath sign or end separated footpath road marking; (b) a bicycle path sign or bicycle path road marking; (c) a no bicycles sign or no bicycles road marking; (d) a road (except a road-related area); (e) the end of the footpath. Separated footpath road marking means a road marking on a footpath consisting of a pedestrian symbol and a bicycle symbol side by side, with or without the word ‘only’."
*{{tag|highway|cycleway}}
*{{tag|foot|designated}}
*{{tag|segregated|yes}}
==== Australian Bicycle Lane (bicycle lane sign) ====
Australian Road Rules "A bicycle lane is a marked lane, or the part of a marked lane: a) beginning at a bicycle lane sign applying to the lane; and (b) ending at the nearest of the following: (i) an end bicycle lane sign applying to the lane; (ii) an intersection (unless the lane is at the unbroken side of the continuing road at a T–intersection or continued across the intersection by broken lines); (iii) if the road ends at a dead end — the end of the road."
Look at the {{key|cycleway}} tagging page for information
==== Pedestrian cut-through at the end of a dead-end street. ====
*{{tag|highway|footway}}
*{{tag|bicycle|permissive}} or {{tag|bicycle|yes}}
Cut-thru where it is clearly provided as a cycle facility
*{{tag|highway|cycleway}}
Unfortunately, it is possible in Australia for a legally designated cycle facility to be completely unusable. A bicycle lane that is really a parking lane, or a shared path sign on a obstructed or even non-existent path. Mappers should use common sense and discretion, and map the effective facility that exists on the ground if it differs to what is defined by the Australian road rules.
==== Motorway tagging ====
The general default is that {{tag|highway|motorway}} implies {{tag|bicycle|no}}. Some motorways or freeways in Australia permit cycling in the shoulder, these need to be specifically marked as {{tag|bicycle|yes}} to override the general implication.
As there is little consistency, for completeness it is a good to tag every section of motorway as {{tag|bicycle|no}} or {{tag|bicycle|yes}}.
==== Regional and Local Route tagging ====
Just with highways and motorways these routes need to have their own relation connecting the ways in the route.
OSM provides three "networks": local (lcn), regional (rcn), national (ncn), based on the U.K. model.
Australia does not have a specific convention for the use of these {{key|network}} tags, and you should consult and refer to the existing mapping convention of the local area you are trying to map.
An example of mapping usage of these tags is as follows:
* {{tag|network|lcn}} may be used for short cycling paths / routes of about 10km or less, and may be on cycling infrastructure which is fragmented.
* {{tag|network|rcn}} may be used for longer arterial cycling paths / routes, which are likely be interconnected into other {{tag|network|lcn}} paths and cycling infrastructure.
* {{tag|network|ncn}} is not typically used, however please consult your local mapping convention. {{tag|network|ncn}} may be used on those paths / routes of the upmost importance, which should be linked into other {{tag|network|*}} paths and should be a considerable distance in length. Cycling infrastructure using this tag does not necessarily need to cross national or state / territory boundaries.
Advice for individual cases can be discussed on the talk-au list.
* For point-to-point (or even three-pronged etc) routes (bike paths, rail trails, etc), create a [[Relation:route|route relation]], and put the RCN/LCN tags on there.
* For networks without start/finishes (eg, lots of local streets with bike signage), put the LCN tags directly on the {{tag|highway}} way.
NCN is currently used in NSW for very long (200km type route structures) high speed highway shoulders designated as fit for cycling by RMS, and for the Coast line cycle way project which is interstate in scope.
==== LCN ====
{{tag|network|lcn}} may be used for short cycling paths / routes of about 10km or less, and may be on cycling infrastructure which is fragmented.
These paths / routes may be signed with on-road with signs to destinations rather than the name of a trail, and might be a network rather than a single trail. For example, see the unnamed trails in this map: [http://www.monash.vic.gov.au/recreation/pdftext/bikepath.pdf]
*{{tag|network|lcn}}
*{{tag|lcn_ref}} if known, otherwise the name of the route if there is one.
==== RCN ====
{{tag|network|rcn}} may be used for longer arterial cycling paths / routes, which are likely be interconnected into other {{tag|network|lcn}} paths and cycling infrastructure.
This may include other, longer, more prominent, better known trails. Generally their length should be at least 5km, This includes rail trails, trails named after creeks, trails named after freeways etc. These are almost all shared-use trails.
*{{tag|network|rcn}}
*{{tag|rcn_ref}} if known, otherwise the name of the route if there is one.
==== Footpath Cycling ====
Note that cycling is legal on all footpaths within Western Australia, the Australian Capital Territory, Queensland and Tasmania unless marked otherwise; and at the time of this being written, is not permitted in New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria with some exceptions. Cycling in these states is allowed only on normal roads and dedicated cyclepaths, with a concession permitting children under 12 and adults riding with those children to ride on footpaths. In 2018, New South Wales increased the age limit to allow children under 16 to also ride on the footpath.
=== Bush Walking and Cycling Tracks ===
'''Notes:'''
# The guidelines in this section relate to footpaths and cycleways (usually unpaved) in bush and other non-urban areas. For footpaths and cycleways in urban areas see '''[[#Urban Footpaths and Cycleways|Urban Footpaths and Cycleways]]'''.
# Do not use {{tag|highway|footway}}.
# Because of the highly variable state of bush tracks and abilities of users, tag on the basis of their physical condition (width, surface etc) and legal (usually signposted) restrictions, rather than assigning a subjective assessment of whether not they are, for example, suitable for bicycles.
* Tracks too narrow for 4-wheeled vehicles:
**{{tag|highway|path}}
**{{tag|foot|yes}}.
* Tracks wide enough for 4-wheeled vehicles (e.g. fire trails):
**{{tag|highway|track}}
**{{tag|foot|yes}}.
* Cycling:
** Bicycles permitted: As above plus {{tag|bicycle|yes}}
** Bicycles prohibited: As above plus {{tag|bicycle|no}}
** Bicycles only (pedestrians prohibited): See '''[[#Urban Footpaths and Cycleways|Urban Footpaths and Cycleways]]'''.
* Optional (but helpful) in conjunction with the above:
**{{tag|name}} if available.
**{{tag|width}} or {{tag|est_width}} (since the width will probably be variable).
**{{tag|surface}}
**{{tag|hiking_scale:awtgs}} Applies to highway=path. Australian Walking Track Grading System (AWTGS). Use where signposted by the land manager. (see [https://www.ffm.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/21475/dse_trail_grade_brochure_tagged.pdf])
**{{tag|source:hiking_scale:awtgs|user}} Where the AWTGS grade has been determined by a user
**{{tag|source:hiking_scale:awtgs|as-signed}} Where the AWTGS grade has been determined by an onsite sign, usually at the start of the track
**{{tag|source:hiking_scale:awtgs|operator}} Where the AWTGS grade has been determined by the operator of the track/trail. This may be from other material such as brochures, advice from the operator.
*Other tags used in OSM but of limited relevance to Australia:
**{{tag|sac_scale}} Applies to {{Tag|highway|path}}. Developed by the Swiss Alpine Club to describe the difficulty of paths but oriented towards mountain climbing. {{tag|hiking_scale:awtgs}} is generally more appropriate for Australian track grading.
**{{tag|tracktype}} Applies to {{tag|highway|track}}. Grades the surface material of tracks (not paths).
*Routes:
**Using route relations (see [https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Walking_Routes]) for named tracks is encouraged as they render better in specialised maps (eg, [http://osm.lonvia.de/world_hiking.html?zoom=13&lat=-41.69943&lon=145.94977&layers=FFBT])
***Proposed use of networks (discussion required):
****IWN: Not used.
****NWN: Very significant trails of decent length, maybe 50km+(eg, Overland Track, Hume&Hovell Trail)
****RWN: Trails with names, maintained by Parks bodies, of some significance and length (to be discussed)
****LWN: Short trails, should probably be named.
** Check for an existing route relation that can be added to before creating a new one.
** Known long-distance routes:
***Australian Alps Walking Track (Vic, NSW & ACT) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1644959]
***Bibbulmun Track (WA) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/relation/400098]
***Bicentennial National Trail (Qld, NSW, ACT & Vic) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/relation/176684]
***Cape to Cape Track (WA) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/relation/401769]
***Great North Walk (NSW) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/relation/1388126]
***Heysen Trail (SA) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/relation/124080]
***Hume & Hovell Walking Track (NSW) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/relation/308594]
***Munda Biddi Trail (WA) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/relation/5810814]
***Overland Track (Tas) [https://www.openstreetmap.org/browse/relation/1673569]
===Rail Trails===
:''(See [[Victoria, Australia/Bike paths]])''
*bicycle=yes
* foot=yes
* horse=yes
*motorcar=no
*motorcycle=no
*name=Boolarra Mirboo North Rail Trail
*[[Map_Features#Railway|railway]]=abandoned
Note, the trail may diverge from the old railway route at places. Use discretion here. :)
Also use an RCN relation as described above.
== Public Transport==
===Tramways===
Use {{tag|railway|tram}} for trams in the following ways:
*Trams in the middle of normal, undivided roads
**Keep the way with the road information on the centre line of the road and draw in the 2 parallel tracks (using imagery), tagged as {{tag|railway|tram}} with {{tag|oneway|yes}} where applicable.
*Trams on their own routes
**Use new segments to create a way tagged as {{tag|railway|tram}} with {{tag|oneway|yes}} where applicable.
*Trams with their own track in a median strip
**map it like an ordinary dual carriageway (separate ways for each direction), and then create third and fourth parallel ways down the middle that can be tagged as {{tag|railway|tram}} with {{tag|oneway|yes}} where applicable.
*Route number labelling
** Tram routes are currently managed using relations. Most major tram routes have had relations created for them.
*Stop labelling and numbering
** Existing tags cover this:
***{{tag|railway|tram_stop}}.
***{{tag|name|# (In)}} or {{tag|name|# (Out)}} or {{tag|name|# (North)}} or {{tag|name|# (South)}} or {{tag|name|# (East)}} or {{tag|name|# (West)}}. Use the North, South, East, West prefix when marking tram stops around the CBD and In and Out (of the CBD) elsewhere. Also draw in super stops (tram stops with platforms) with {{tag|railway|platform}}.
===Bus Routes and Stops===
Bus routes also need their own relations per route, and stops along the way need to be added to the relation as well
See https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Buses
A guide on how to make a Public Transport Bus Route V2 https://www.openstreetmap.org/user/Warin61/diary/45106
And example circular route is relation 7258397.
====Bus Stop names and references ====
Following discussion on the au-talk list the following guide may be usefull.
Bus stop names where they have 'Stand xx' information should have the 'Stand xx' at the front, followed by a comma and then the rest of the information. This help users using the transportation information that usually directs them to a stand so that is the information they want first.
Bus ref tags should contain the bus stop number only, again the transportation people use this and it is a usefull short cut to typing the address into their enquiry forms.
If you want to include what routes stop at a particular bus stop probably best to place it in the comment tag.
===Bus Lanes and Bus Only Lanes===
For NSW definition of Bus Lanes and Bus Only Lanes see http://www.rms.nsw.gov.au/roads/using-roads/buses/bus-lanes.html
====Bus Lanes====
3 lane one way road segment, bus lane left
lanes=3
lanes:psv=1
access:lanes=destination||
emergency:lanes=designated||
psv:lanes=designated||
motorcycle:lanes=designated||
bicycle:lanes=designated||
cycleway=share_busway
? road_marking=Bus Lane
? traffic_sign=AU:R7-1-1
lanes=3
lanes:psv:conditional=1 @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00, 15:00-19:00; Sa 08:00-09:00, 15:00-18:00; Su 08:00-09:00, 15:00-16:00)
access:conditional=destination @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00, 15:00-19:00; Sa 08:00-09:00, 15:00-18:00; Su 08:00-09:00, 15:00-16:00) ||
emergency:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00, 15:00-19:00; Sa 08:00-09:00, 15:00-18:00; Su 08:00-09:00, 15:00-16:00)||
psv:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00, 15:00-19:00; Sa 08:00-09:00, 15:00-18:00; Su 08:00-09:00, 15:00-16:00)||
motorcycle:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00, 15:00-19:00; Sa 08:00-09:00, 15:00-18:00; Su 08:00-09:00, 15:00-16:00)||
bicycle:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00, 15:00-19:00; Sa 08:00-09:00, 15:00-18:00; Su 08:00-09:00, 15:00-16:00)||
cycleway:conditional=share_busway @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00, 15:00-19:00; Sa 08:00-09:00, 15:00-18:00; Su 08:00-09:00, 15:00-16:00)
? road_marking=Bus Lane
? traffic_sign=AU:R7-1-1
lanes=6
lanes:psv:forward:conditional=1 @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00; Sa 08:00-09:00; Su 08:00-09:00)
access:lanes:forward:conditional=destination @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00; Sa 08:00-09:00; Su 08:00-09:00) ||
emergency:lanes:forward:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00; Sa 08:00-09:00; Su 08:00-09:00) ||
psv:lanes:forward:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00; Sa 08:00-09:00; Su 08:00-09:00) ||
motorcycle:lanes:forward:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00; Sa 08:00-09:00; Su 08:00-09:00) ||
bicycle:lanes:forward:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00; Sa 08:00-09:00; Su 08:00-09:00) ||
cycleway:forward:conditional=share_busway @ (Mo-Fr 08:00-09:00; Sa 08:00-09:00; Su 08:00-09:00) ||
lanes:psv:backward:conditional=1 @ (Mo-Fr 15:00-19:00; Sa 15:00-18:00; Su 15:00-16:00)
access:lanes:backward:conditional=destination @ (Mo-Fr 15:00-19:00; Sa 15:00-18:00; Su 15:00-16:00) ||
emergency:lanes:backward:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 15:00-19:00; Sa 15:00-18:00; Su 15:00-16:00) ||
psv:lanes:backward:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 15:00-19:00; Sa 15:00-18:00; Su 15:00-16:00) ||
motorcycle:lanes:backward:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 15:00-19:00; Sa 15:00-18:00; Su 15:00-16:00) ||
bicycle:lanes:backward:conditional=designated @ (Mo-Fr 15:00-19:00; Sa 15:00-18:00; Su 15:00-16:00) ||
cycleway:backward:conditional=share_busway @ (Mo-Fr 15:00-19:00; Sa 15:00-18:00; Su 15:00-16:00) ||
? road_marking=Bus Lane
? traffic_sign=AU:R7-1-1
lanes=3
lanes:bus=1
access:lanes=no||
bus:lanes=designated||
{{Node|9489784229|396}}
File:Sydney Traffic Control Box UPS 396.jpg|Uninterruptable Power Supply
{{Node|9489784230|UPS396}}
File:Sydney Traffic Control Box XR396.jpg|Isolation Transformer housing
{{Node|9489784231|XR396}}
File:Sydney Traffic Control Box C0193.jpg|Traffic Camera controller
{{Node|9489784232|C1093}}
File:Sydney Traffic Control Box V1411.jpg|Variable Message Sign controller
{{Node|9489784241|V1411}}
File:Sydney_Traffic_Control_Box_EC7192.jpeg|Enforcement Camera
File:Sydney Traffic Control Box TC03018.jpg|Unknown
{{Node|9489784239|TC03018}}
File:Traffic Light Control Box 1880 Sydney closeup.jpeg|Street art
{{Node|9489701647|1880}}
*{{Tag|emergency:phone:AU|131 700}}
*{{Tag|man_made|street_cabinet}}
*{{Tag|operator|Transport for NSW}}
*{{Tag|operator:wikidata|Q7834923}}
*{{Tag|operator:wikipedia|en:Transport for NSW}}
*{{key|ref}}
*{{Tag|street_cabinet|traffic_control}} for type Standard, V
*{{Tag|street_cabinet|traffic_monitoring}} for type C, EC
*{{Tag|street_cabinet|power}} for type UPS, XR
*{{Tag|utility|highway}}
For XR only:
*{{Tag|power|transformer}}
*{{Tag|transformer|isolation}}
Others that exist (pending photograph):
* TMU - Traffic Monitoring Unit
* VMS, CMS - synonym of V
* SMS - Shutter Message Sign
* TV - CCTV controller housing
* M4E, M4W - M4 Smart Motorway Eastbound/Westbound (M4SM) variable speed limit controllers and on-ramp signals
*VAS - Vehicle Activated Sign
* TDS - Unknown
===NBN Co===
The following are examples of NBN infrastructure.
File:Australian FTTN NBN node.jpg|NBN FTTN Node
File:Australian FTTN NBN micronode.jpg|NBN FTTN Micronode
File:NBN Fibre Distribution Hub (FDH) located in Boorooma.jpg|NBN FTTP Fibre Distribution Hub (FDH)
These should be tagged with the following scheme;
*{{Tag|man_made|street_cabinet}}
*{{Key|ref}} (''examples'': 2KTB-03-28-FNO-001; 2WAG-0101)
*{{Tag|operator|NBN Co}}
*{{Tag|operator:wikidata|Q6952833}}
*{{Tag|operator:wikipedia|en:NBN Co}}
*{{Tag|street_cabinet|telecom}}
*{{Tag|utility|telecom}}
*{{Tag|telecom|service_device}}
*{{Tag|telecom:medium|fibre}}
*{{Tag|telecom:medium:transition|yes}}
===Telstra===
Examples of Telstra pillars
File:Telstra pillar.jpg
File:Tall Telstra pillar.jpg
File:Small Telstra pillar.jpg
*{{Tag|man_made|street_cabinet}}
*{{Key|ref}} (''example'': WGSO P6)
*{{Tag|operator|Telstra}}
*{{Tag|operator:wikidata|Q721162}}
*{{Tag|operator:wikipedia|en:Telstra}}
*{{Tag|street_cabinet|telecom}}
*{{Tag|utility|telecom}}
*{{Tag|telecom|connection_point}}
*{{Tag|telecom:medium|copper}}
*{{Tag|colour|gray}}
Telstra multiplexer
File:Telstra roadside cabinet housing a RIM and CMUXA.jpg|RIM and CMUXA
Tagged same as a regular copper pillar but with {{Tag|telecom|service_device}}
==What-do-I-call-it?==
===Windmills===
These are tagged {{tag|man_made|windpump}} in OSM. The tag {{tag|man_made|windmill}} refers to the old European wind mills not the steel structures found in the outback.
===Bores===
These are tagged {{tag|man_made|water_well}} in OSM.
==="Water Towers"===
Unless it is a large tank elevated above ground level (for example on stilts or a central column), you are probably looking for {{tag|man_made|reservoir_covered}} in OSM.
The following photographs are examples of covered reservoirs in the greater Sydney region;
File:Wentworth Falls Reservoir.jpg| [[osm:way/842086005|Example 1]]
File:Covered Reservoir in Bullaburra NSW Australia.jpg| [[osm:way/854921268|Example 2]]
Consider adding {{tag|building|yes}} and if known, the {{key|capacity}} and {{key|ref}}.
Covered reservoirs are typically located on a hill or peak, in which the spot height can be added with {{key|ele}}.
Other water utility infrastructure identification for NSW can be found at the [[Sydney Water]] article.
===Others?===
Do put things on the map which are relevant and have no suitable tags. Identify the nodes with some_new_tag and they can be edited later as needed.
Check [https://taginfo.geofabrik.de/australia-oceania/australia/ Taginfo Australia] to see what tags others are using.
==GPS Trace Submission Guidelines ==
*Reduce GPS traces to a moderate number of nodes before uploading them to OSM as map data. Please either trace a new way over the top of your track, or use the 'Delete unnecessary nodes from a way' button in JOSM, which is part of the UtilsPlugin. This does an excellent job of removing multiple nodes that lie along a straight line path.
* If tracing a track into OSM from your own GPS trace, please also upload the trace to https://www.openstreetmap.org/traces. This is helpful as over time mappers can adjust the geometry of the way based on an average trace. Conversely, avoid adjusting an existing way in OSM to match your trace, instead load the OSM Traces layer and try to use an average way for the alignment.
*Break long ways into ways with a maximum of a few hundred nodes. JOSM will cut ways into smaller portions. Select the way, hold down shift while selecting a node part way along the way, then press P to split (part) the ways.
*Identify the source of your data. Mark it {{key|source}}, where source might be survey, bing, AGRI, landsat etc. Mappers who have have been leaving the source not stated are making differing assumptions on the source, either surveyed or made from aerial photography, so we need to be specific.
*If you gather the names of places, ways etc differently than how data on the way or place was collected use ({{key|source:name}}). For example {{tag|source|survey}} but {{tag|source:name|knowledge}}.
*[[Howto Edit GPX files]]
*[[Convert a Tracklog to Data Automatically]]
==External links==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highways_in_Australia Australian Highway information on Wikipedia]
*[http://expressway.paulrands.com Expressway - The Australian Highway Site]
*[http://ozroads.com.au/ Ozroads: The Australian Roads Website]
[[Category:Australian tagging guidelines| ]]