<p>Currently osm2pgsql always creates geometry indexes and orders the tables by geometry, essentially clustering them. There are cases where this is not desirable.</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Benchmarking of other parts.</p></li>
<li><p>Analysis and tasks with non-standard queries. You might want geometry indicies but might prefer to cluster by something else, or you might want to query something like the average area of a building poly in France, which would involve a sequential scan and not benefit from geom indices.</p></li>
<li><p>Consuming a substantial set of diffs. I believe diff processing is faster without geom indices, and the ordering is more effective if done after updating.</p></li>
<li><p>Low space situations where you don't have room to order the tables.</p></li>
<li><p>Cases where you don't plan to consume diffs (e.g. imports with <code>--drop</code>). You can be better off with a non-default <a href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-createindex.html#SQL-CREATEINDEX-STORAGE-PARAMETERS">FILLFACTOR</a></p></li>
</ol>
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