<p>Nothing obvious is jumping out at me from the command line. How was changes.osc.gz generated? Can you paste <code>zcat changes.osc.gz | head -n 30</code></p>
<p>I'd start by trying with --number-processes 1 and without --expire tiles. Neither of these is likely to be a cause, but <code>--expire-tiles</code> isn't <strong>required</strong> to do the update and single process is easier to debug.</p>
<hr>
<p><a href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql/blob/0.92.0/node-persistent-cache.cpp#L369">https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql/blob/0.92.0/node-persistent-cache.cpp#L369</a> is the assertion, being called from <a href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql/blob/0.92.0/node-persistent-cache.cpp#L390">https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql/blob/0.92.0/node-persistent-cache.cpp#L390</a>. That is either called from <a href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql/blob/0.92.0/middle-pgsql.cpp#L387">https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql/blob/0.92.0/middle-pgsql.cpp#L387</a> or <a href="https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql/blob/0.92.0/middle-pgsql.cpp#L415">https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql/blob/0.92.0/middle-pgsql.cpp#L415</a> depending on if it's a node create/modify or a delete.</p>

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