[Geocoding] Help with student project about GPS-coordinates for windsurfers!

[Mats Blakstad]

Hi

I work on a student project in a course about Use Design at University of
Oslo. Our project is to help windsurfers; We try make a small gadget that
that they can bring (using Arduino) that will help them (1) be alerted when
they move too far from land, (2) be able to send a SOS signal indicating
their position if they need help, (3) give them updated weather forecasts.

None of us are very experienced with GeoCoding so hope someone here can
give use some small hints or point us in best correction;

   1. What seem like the most reliable way to measure a persons distance
   from land using a gps-coordinate?
   2. How often should we save gps-coordinates to track a windsuring trail
   with good enough resolution but still keep a minimum file size of gps
   coordinates for trail?
   3. What is the most simple way that we can create an online map with
   trail from GPS-coordinates that we can update live?

Thanks in advance for any help and feedbacks!
Best regards
Mats
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